The HIV/TB collaborative study

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The HIV/TB collaborative study

The HIV/TB collaborative study

Опубликовано: "Journal of the International AIDS BioMed Central Society"

Введение.

Journal of the International AIDS Society

Oral presentation

O412 Factors associated with poor clinical outcome among HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis (TB) in Europe and Argentina. The HIV/TB collaborative study

D Podlekareva*1, A Mocroft2, FA Post3, V Riekstina4, JM Miro5, H Furrer6, M Bruyand7, A Panteleev8, E Girardi9, JJ Toibaro10, J Caylá11, R Miller12, NObel13, A Skrahin14, E Malashenkov15, JD Lundgren16, O Kirk16 and HIV/ TB study group16

Address: 1Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK, 3King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK, 4State Agency of TB and Lung Diseases, Riga, Latvia, 5Hosp. Clinic – IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 6University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 7INSERM, U 897, "epidemiology and biostatistics", Bordeaux, France, 8TB Hospital #2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 9Instituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive L Spallanzani, Rome, Italy, 10Hospital JM Ramos Mejia, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 11Barcelona TB Research Unit, Barcelona, Spain, 12Mortimer Market Centre, London, UK, 13Dept of Infectious Diseases; Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, 14Research Institute of Pulmonology and Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Minsk, Belarus, 15Botkin Hospital of Infectious Diseases, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation and 16University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen HIV Programme, Faculty of Health Science, Copenhagen, Denmark

* Corresponding author

from Ninth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection Glasgow, UK. 9–13 November 2008

Published: 10 November 2008

Journal of the International AIDS Society 2008, 11(Suppl 1):O39 doi:10.1186/1758-2652-11-S1-O39

This abstract is available from: http://www.jiasociety.org/content/11/S1/O39

© 2008 Podlekareva et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Собственные материалы

Purpose of the study
TB is a common and potentially fatal co-infection among HIV-infected patients worldwide. We aimed to evaluate potential regional differences in patient characteristics and clinical management and their influence on the oneyear mortality rate after a TB diagnosis in HIV-infected patients across Europe and Argentina

Methods
1,075 consecutive HIV-patients who started treatment for TB between January 2004 and December 2006 in 47 clinics across Europe and Argentina were identified. Patients were stratified according to region of residence: Argentina (A), Southern Europe (S), Central/Northern Europe (CN), or Eastern Europe (E). Deaths among HIV/TB co-infected patients within 12 months of TB diagnosis, and factors associated with death, were analysed

Summary of results
At TB diagnosis, there were profound differences in patient characteristics, usage of anti-TB and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and anti-TB drug resistance in E compared with the other regions (Table 1). Significantly fewer patients in E initiated cART within the first year after TB diagnosis (Table 1), and multi-drug resistant TB was more common in E (12% [31 of 252 patients with data on anti-TB resistance]) compared to A, S and CN (3%, 2% and 3% respectively, p = 0.0002). Progression to death was significantly faster in E compared to other regions (Figure 1). In multivariable Cox models, the adjusted relative hazard of death (RH, compared with E) was 0.44 (95% CI 0.22–0.88), 0.33 (0.17–0.66), 0.46 (0.20–1.05) in A, S and CN, respectively. Other factors significantly associated with increased mortality were: CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 vs. >200 cells/mm3 [2.27 (1.52–3.40)], prior AIDS vs. no AIDS [1.84 (1.29–2.62)], and disseminated TB vs. not disseminated TB [2.01 (1.14–3.56)]. Patients who started anti-TB treatment with at least four first-line drugs had a significantly lower risk of death [0.50 (0.31–0.81)], as did patients with no resistance to anti-TB drugs [0.48 (0.28–0.79)].

Table 1:

A (n = 115) S (n = 210) CN (n = 168) E (n = 582) P-value
Caucasians (%) 23 56 33 83 <0.0001
Injecting drug use (%) 37 35 14 80 <0.0001
>4 1st line anti-TB drugs in initial regimen (%) 83 63 77 25 <0.0001
>1 2nd line anti-TB drug in initial regimen (%) 12 15 10 64 <0.0001
Resistance to any anti-TB drug (%, 513 tests) 7 13 7 50 <0.0001
CD4 count at TB diagnosis (cells/mm3, median, inter-quartile range) 92 (41–228) 146 (55–291) 145 (54–284) 212 (89–463) <0.0001
On cART at TB diagnosis (%) 26 25 34 8 <0.0001
On cART 12 months after TB diagnosis (%) 77 71 75 31 <0.0001

 

Conclusion
In conclusion, there were substantial differences in the clinical management of HIV-TB co-infected patients across Europe and Argentina, including less use of cART and more extensive use of second-line anti-TB drugs, presumably partly due to widespread TB drug resistance in populations from E. These factors may partly explain the 3–4 fold higher one-year mortality rate after a TB diagnosis in this region, and deserve immediate public health attention.

 

Figure 1
Progression to death within 1 year of TB diagnosis.